β White Vinegar (Best Dairy-Free Option)
1:1 (replace apple cider vinegar volume for volume)White vinegar is a clear, distilled vinegar with a similar acetic acid content to apple cider vinegar, making it an excellent substitute for leavening purposes in brownies. Its neutral flavor profile ensures that the chocolate taste remains dominant.
When using white vinegar, measure it exactly as you would apple cider vinegar to maintain the proper acid-base balance with baking soda. Avoid overuse, as excess acidity can lead to a metallic aftertaste.
Compared to apple cider vinegar, white vinegar will not add fruity notes but will reliably activate baking soda, resulting in brownies with the expected rise and tender crumb.